Ultimate Guide of Keycaps: 2023

Ultimate Guide of Keycaps: 2023

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1.Definition of keycaps and their importance in the overall look and feel of a keyboard

Keycaps are the removable plastic caps that cover the individual mechanical switches on a keyboard. They are typically made of ABS plastic, but can also be made of PBT plastic or other materials. Keycaps come in a variety of colors and designs, and can be custom-made to fit the user's personal style.

The importance of keycaps in the overall look and feel of a keyboard cannot be overstated. Keycaps are the first thing that people notice when they look at a keyboard, and they can greatly affect the overall aesthetic of the keyboard. A keyboard with vibrant and colorful keycaps can add a touch of personality to a person's setup, while a keyboard with sleek and minimalist keycaps can give off a professional and sophisticated vibe.

Custom keycaps are a popular way for keyboard enthusiasts to personalize their setups. These keycaps are often made of high-quality materials such as PBT plastic, which is more durable and resistant to wear and tear than ABS plastic. Custom keycaps can be designed in a variety of colors and patterns, and can even be made to feature specific characters or logos. This allows users to truly make their keyboard unique and reflect their personal style.

Another important aspect of keycaps is the feel. The material, thickness and the profile of the keycaps can greatly affect the typing experience. Keycaps made of PBT plastic tend to have a more tactile feel and a higher resistance to shine compared to ABS keycaps. The profile of the keycaps, such as OEM, Cherry, DSA, SA, etc, also can greatly affect the typing experience.

In addition to their aesthetic and tactile qualities, keycaps can also have a practical purpose. Keycaps can be made with specialized legends, such as Braille or American Sign Language, to make the keyboard more accessible for individuals with visual impairments.

In all, keycaps are an important aspect of the overall look and feel of a keyboard. They can be used to personalize a keyboard and reflect an individual's personal style, but also have a practical purpose. They can greatly affect the typing experience, and can be made with specialized legends to make the keyboard more accessible for individuals with visual impairments. So, it's worth to choose the right keycaps for your keyboard.

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2.Brief history of keycaps and their evolution over time

Keycaps, the removable plastic caps that cover the individual mechanical switches on a keyboard, have a long and interesting history. The evolution of keycaps has been shaped by advancements in technology, changes in design trends, and the preferences of keyboard enthusiasts.

The first keycaps were used on the earliest mechanical keyboards in the 1970s. These early keycaps were made of a simple rubber material and were typically molded in one piece with the switch beneath it. They were not removable and could only be replaced when the entire switch needed to be replaced. This early design was functional, but not very stylish.

In the 1980s, new manufacturing techniques allowed for the production of keycaps that could be easily removed and replaced. These keycaps were typically made of ABS plastic, a durable and cost-effective material. They could be made in a variety of colors, but the design options were limited. They were typically simple, single-colored caps with simple legends or no legends at all.

In the 1990s, keycap design began to evolve as computer users became more design-conscious. Keycaps started to be produced in a wider range of colors and designs, and manufacturers began to experiment with different materials, such as PBT plastic. PBT plastic is a more durable and resistant to wear and tear than ABS plastic. This allowed for keycaps that could be more resistant to shine and had a more tactile feel.

The 2000s saw a surge in interest in custom keycaps among keyboard enthusiasts. Custom keycaps are keycaps that are designed and manufactured to the user's specific specifications. This allows for a greater degree of personalization and customization, and has led to the creation of a wide variety of unique and creative keycap designs.

In recent years, keycap design has continued to evolve with the rise of the mechanical keyboard community. Keycaps are now available in a wide variety of materials, colors, and designs, and have become a popular way for keyboard enthusiasts to personalize their setups. With the rise of 3D printing technology, it's now even possible to print keycaps with customized designs and details.

One of the latest trend in keycap design is the use of different profile, such as OEM, Cherry, DSA, SA, etc. These profiles can greatly affect the typing experience and the overall look of the keyboard. Some enthusiasts even prefer a certain profile for their typing comfort or aesthetic preference.

Keycaps have come a long way since the early days of mechanical keyboards. The evolution of keycaps has been shaped by advancements in technology, changes in design trends, and the preferences of keyboard enthusiasts. Today, keycaps are available in a wide variety of materials, colors, and designs, and are a popular way for keyboard enthusiasts to personalize their setups. Keycap design continues to evolve, with new materials and technologies being used to create unique and innovative keycap designs.

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3.Types of Keycaps

3.1 Materials: PBT vs ABS keycaps

When it comes to keycaps, two of the most commonly used materials are ABS (Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene) and PBT (Polybutylene Terephthalate). Both materials have their own unique properties and characteristics, and understanding the differences between them can help you make an informed decision when purchasing keycaps for your keyboard.

ABS (Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene) is a thermoplastic polymer that is commonly used in the production of keycaps. It is a lightweight and relatively inexpensive material that is easy to mold and shape. ABS keycaps have a smooth, glossy finish and are available in a wide range of colors. They are also relatively flexible, which makes them easy to install and remove.

One of the main downsides of ABS keycaps is that they are more prone to wear and tear than PBT keycaps. Over time, the surface of ABS keycaps can become shiny from the oils on your fingers, which can affect the appearance of the keycaps and make the legends difficult to read.

PBT (Polybutylene Terephthalate) is another thermoplastic polymer that is used in the production of keycaps. It is a more durable and resistant to wear and tear than ABS. PBT keycaps have a more textured finish and are less prone to developing a shine over time. They are also more resistant to fading, which means that the color of the keycaps will not change as much over time.

PBT keycaps are generally more expensive than ABS keycaps due to the cost of the raw material and the manufacturing process. They are also more difficult to mold and shape than ABS keycaps, which can make them more difficult to install and remove.

In terms of typing feel, PBT keycaps tend to have a more tactile feel than ABS keycaps. They are also heavier and more resistant to bending, which some users find to be more comfortable and satisfying when typing. Additionally, PBT keycaps are known for having a better sound profile when typing, as they tend to have a more satisfying "thock" sound as opposed to ABS keycaps, which tend to have a more "clacky" sound.

Both ABS and PBT keycaps have their own unique properties and characteristics. ABS keycaps are lightweight, inexpensive, and easy to install, but they are more prone to wear and tear than PBT keycaps. PBT keycaps are more durable, resistant to wear and tear, and have a more textured finish, but they are more expensive and more difficult to install. When choosing between the two, it's important to consider your own needs and preferences, and to take into account factors such as typing feel, durability, and cost.

3.2 Manufacturing techniques: Doubleshot vs Dye-sublimated keycaps

When it comes to keycaps, two of the most commonly used manufacturing techniques are doubleshot and dye-sublimation. Both techniques have their own unique properties and characteristics, and understanding the differences between them can help you make an informed decision when purchasing keycaps for your keyboard.

Doubleshot keycaps are made by injecting two different colors of plastic into a mold. One color is used for the keycap's body, and the other color is used for the keycap's legend. The two colors of plastic are fused together, creating a keycap that is both durable and resistant to wear and tear. Doubleshot keycaps are known for having a high level of detail and clarity in the legends, and for being able to withstand heavy use.

One of the main advantages of doubleshot keycaps is that they are extremely durable and resistant to wear and tear. The legends on doubleshot keycaps will not fade or wear off over time, which makes them an ideal choice for heavy users. Additionally, doubleshot keycaps are known for having a high level of detail and clarity in the legends, which makes them easy to read.

One of the main downsides of doubleshot keycaps is that they are more expensive than other types of keycaps. The manufacturing process is more complex and time-consuming, which drives up the cost. Additionally, doubleshot keycaps are generally only available in a limited number of colors, which means that they may not be suitable for users who are looking for a more customized look.

Dye-sublimated keycaps, on the other hand, are made by a process of dyeing the keycap's legend directly into the plastic. The dye is injected into the keycap's legend and then sealed with a clear coat. This process results in a keycap that has a high-quality, long-lasting legend that will not fade or wear off over time.

One of the main advantages of dye-sublimated keycaps is that they are relatively inexpensive and widely available. The manufacturing process is simpler and less time-consuming than doubleshot keycaps, which makes them more affordable. Additionally, dye-sublimated keycaps are available in a wide range of colors and designs, which makes them ideal for users who are looking for a more customized look.

One of the main downsides of dye-sublimated keycaps is that they are not as durable as doubleshot keycaps. Over time, the legends on dye-sublimated keycaps may begin to fade or wear off, which can affect the appearance of the keycaps and make the legends difficult to read. Additionally, dye-sublimation process may not be able to produce certain colors or designs that are possible with doubleshot keycaps.

Both doubleshot and dye-sublimated keycaps have their own unique properties and characteristics. Doubleshot keycaps are extremely durable and resistant to wear and tear, with a high level of detail and clarity in the legends, but are more expensive. Dye-sublimated keycaps are relatively inexpensive and widely available, with a wide range of colors and designs, but are not as durable as doubleshot keycaps. When choosing between the two, it's important to consider your own needs and preferences, and to take into account factors such as durability, cost, and the desired look.

3.3 Common profiles: OEM vs Cherry profile keycaps

Two of the most commonly used profiles are OEM and Cherry. Both profiles have their own unique properties and characteristics, and understanding the differences between them can help you make an informed decision when purchasing keycaps for your keyboard.

OEM (Original Equipment Manufacturer) keycaps are the most commonly used profile in mass-market keyboards. They are the profile of keycaps that are typically found on pre-built keyboards. OEM keycaps have a curved, sculpted shape that is designed to fit comfortably in the user's fingers. The keycap's surface area is relatively small, and the keycap's height is relatively low. This profile is designed to be comfortable to use for extended periods of time, and it's easy to type fast on OEM keycaps.

One of the main advantages of OEM keycaps is that they are comfortable to use for extended periods of time. The curved, sculpted shape of the keycaps is designed to fit comfortably in the user's fingers, which can reduce fatigue and discomfort during prolonged use. Additionally, OEM keycaps are relatively easy to type on, which can increase typing speed and accuracy.

One of the main downsides of OEM keycaps is that they are not as customizable as other profiles. OEM keycaps are typically only available in a limited number of colors and designs, which means that they may not be suitable for users who are looking for a more customized look. Additionally, OEM keycaps are not as tactile as other profiles, which can reduce the overall typing experience.

Cherry profile keycaps, on the other hand, are designed to be more tactile and provide a more satisfying typing experience. They are named after the Cherry MX switch, which is the most popular mechanical switch in the market. Cherry profile keycaps have a more angled shape than OEM keycaps, with a larger surface area and a higher profile. This design is intended to provide a more satisfying typing experience by allowing the user to feel the keycap's contours more easily.

One of the main advantages of Cherry profile keycaps is that they are more tactile and provide a more satisfying typing experience. The more angled shape of the keycaps, with a larger surface area and a higher profile, allows the user to feel the keycap's contours more easily, which can increase typing speed and accuracy. Additionally, Cherry profile keycaps are more customizable than OEM keycaps, which makes them ideal for users who are looking for a more customized look.

One of the main downsides of Cherry profile keycaps is that they are not as comfortable to use for extended periods of time as OEM keycaps. The more angled shape of the keycaps and the higher profile can be more fatiguing for the fingers during prolonged use. Additionally, Cherry profile keycaps are not as easy to type on as OEM keycaps, which can reduce typing speed and accuracy.

Both OEM and Cherry profile keycaps have their own unique properties and characteristics. OEM keycaps are comfortable to use for extended periods of time, easy to type on, but not as customizable. Cherry profile keycaps are more tactile, provide a more satisfying typing experience, but not as comfortable to use for extended periods of time. When choosing between the two, it's important to consider your own needs and preferences, and to take into account factors such as typing experience, customization, and comfort.

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4.Keycap Materials

4.1 ABS Keycaps

ABS (Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene) is a thermoplastic polymer that is commonly used in the production of keycaps. It is a lightweight, durable, and cost-effective material that has been the go-to material for mass-market keycaps for decades. ABS keycaps are available in a wide range of colors and designs, making them a popular choice among keyboard enthusiasts.

One of the main advantages of ABS keycaps is that they are relatively inexpensive. ABS is a cost-effective material that is easy to mold and shape, which makes it an ideal choice for mass-market keycaps. This makes ABS keycaps more accessible to a wider range of users, as they are more affordable than other types of keycaps.

ABS keycaps are also relatively easy to install and remove. They are flexible, which means that they can be easily snapped onto the switches of a keyboard. This makes them an ideal choice for users who frequently change their keycaps. ABS keycaps are also available in a wide range of colors and designs, which makes them ideal for users who are looking for a more customized look.

ABS keycaps have a smooth, glossy finish, which gives them a sleek and modern look. The surface of ABS keycaps can be easily printed with legends and designs, which allows manufacturers to create keycaps with a wide range of different legends and designs.

One of the main downsides of ABS keycaps is that they are more prone to wear and tear than other types of keycaps. The surface of ABS keycaps can become shiny from the oils on your fingers, which can affect the appearance of the keycaps and make the legends difficult to read. Additionally, ABS keycaps can be more prone to fading, which means that the color of the keycaps will not remain as vibrant over time.

Another downside is that, ABS keycaps tend to have a more "clacky" sound when typing compared to other materials, this may not be suitable for users who are looking for a more quiet typing experience.

Generally speaking, ABS (Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene) is a thermoplastic polymer that is commonly used in the production of keycaps. It's a lightweight, durable, and cost-effective material that is easy to mold and shape, making it an ideal choice for mass-market keycaps. ABS keycaps are relatively inexpensive, easy to install, and available in a wide range of colors and designs. However, they are more prone to wear and tear and fading over time, and may not be suitable for users who are looking for a more quiet typing experience.

4.2 PBT Keycaps

PBT keycaps are a popular choice among mechanical keyboard enthusiasts due to their durability and resistance to wear and tear. PBT, or polybutylene terephthalate, is a type of plastic that is known for its strength and resistance to heat, chemicals, and UV light.

One of the main advantages of PBT keycaps is that they do not develop a shiny surface over time like ABS keycaps. ABS, or acrylonitrile butadiene styrene, is another type of plastic that is commonly used in keycaps. However, ABS keycaps are more prone to developing a glossy finish due to the oils from your fingers and prolonged use, which can make the keycap look worn out and discolored. PBT keycaps, on the other hand, maintain their texture and color, providing a consistent look and feel over time.

PBT keycaps are also known for their improved sound quality. They have a slightly rougher texture than ABS keycaps and produce a more satisfying, “thocky” sound when typing. This is because PBT keycaps are denser than ABS keycaps and do not flex as much when pressed. As a result, they provide a more tactile and satisfying typing experience.

Another advantage of PBT keycaps is their resistance to fading and discoloration. PBT keycaps are less prone to fading and yellowing compared to ABS keycaps, which can become discolored over time due to exposure to sunlight and other environmental factors. This means that PBT keycaps will maintain their color and appearance for a longer period of time, providing a more visually appealing keyboard.

PBT keycaps are also more resistant to heat than ABS keycaps. They can withstand higher temperatures without becoming deformed or melting, which makes them more suitable for use in high-performance gaming keyboards or other applications where the keyboard is exposed to high temperatures.

PBT keycaps are also available in a wide range of colors and designs, which allows users to customize the look of their keyboard. They are available in various thicknesses, the most common being 1.5mm and 1.9mm, and can come in a variety of legends and printing techniques. Some PBT keycaps are also translucent, allowing the backlighting from the keyboard to shine through, providing an added visual element.

In all, PBT keycaps are a great choice for mechanical keyboard enthusiasts due to their durability, resistance to wear and tear, improved sound quality, and resistance to fading and discoloration. They provide a more satisfying typing experience and maintain their appearance for a longer period of time. They are also available in a wide range of colors and designs, which allows users to customize the look of their keyboard.

4.3 PVC Keycaps

PVC, or polyvinyl chloride, keycaps are a less common but increasingly popular choice among mechanical keyboard enthusiasts. PVC is a type of plastic that is known for its flexibility and resistance to chemicals, making it a great material for keycaps.

One of the main advantages of PVC keycaps is their flexibility. Unlike PBT and ABS keycaps, PVC keycaps are softer and more pliable, which allows them to better conform to the shape of the keys and provide a more comfortable typing experience. This can be especially beneficial for users who have sensitive fingers or suffer from hand fatigue.

PVC keycaps are also known for their durability. They are resistant to wear and tear, and will not develop a shiny surface over time like ABS keycaps. They also have a higher resistance to chemicals, which means they will not deteriorate or become discolored as easily as other types of keycaps.

PVC keycaps are also highly customizable. They can be made in a variety of shapes, sizes, and colors, which allows users to personalize the look of their keyboard. They can also be made in a transparent or translucent color, which can be used to enhance the backlighting of the keyboard.

Another advantage of PVC keycaps is their relatively low cost. PVC is a more affordable material than PBT or ABS, which makes PVC keycaps a more budget-friendly option. This can be especially beneficial for users who are looking to upgrade their keyboard on a budget.

In terms of sound quality, PVC keycaps are known to be "muddier" than PBT or ABS keycaps, which can be less satisfying for some users. They also tend to be thicker than PBT keycaps, which can affect the overall typing experience.

It's important to note that PVC keycaps are not completely resistant to heat, they can become deformed or melted if exposed to high temperatures, which can make them less suitable for use in high-performance gaming keyboards or other applications where the keyboard is exposed to high temperatures.

As you can see, PVC keycaps are a great choice for mechanical keyboard enthusiasts due to their flexibility, durability, and resistance to chemicals. They are also highly customizable and relatively low-cost. However, they are not completely resistant to heat and can produce a muddier sound than PBT or ABS keycaps, which can affect the overall typing experience. They can be a great option for users who prioritize comfort and customization over sound quality and heat resistance.

4.4 Resin Keycaps

Resin keycaps are a relatively new and unique option among mechanical keyboard enthusiasts due to their unique characteristics and the way they are made. Resin keycaps are made by pouring liquid resin into a mold, which is then left to cure and harden. This process creates keycaps that are unique in terms of both their physical properties and their appearance.

One of the main advantages of resin keycaps is their unique and visually appealing appearance. Because each keycap is individually poured and cured, no two keycaps will look exactly the same. This means that each keycap will have its own unique swirls, patterns, and color variations, which can create a one-of-a-kind look for your keyboard.

Resin keycaps are also known for their durability. They are resistant to wear and tear, and will not develop a shiny surface over time like ABS keycaps. They also have a higher resistance to chemicals, which means they will not deteriorate or become discolored as easily as other types of keycaps.

Another advantage of resin keycaps is their light-transmitting properties. Many resin keycaps are made with a translucent material, which allows the backlighting from the keyboard to shine through, creating a visually striking effect. This can be especially beneficial for users who are looking for a keyboard that is both functional and aesthetically pleasing.

In terms of sound quality, resin keycaps are known to produce a "thocky" sound that is similar to PBT keycaps, which can be satisfying for some users. However, resin keycaps are not as dense as PBT or ABS keycaps, which can make them produce a less pronounced sound.

However, it's important to note that resin keycaps are not completely resistant to heat, they can become deformed or melted if exposed to high temperatures, which can make them less suitable for use in high-performance gaming keyboards or other applications where the keyboard is exposed to high temperatures.

Another thing to consider is that resin keycaps are usually more expensive than other types of keycaps, due to the process of making them, and the individuality of each keycap.

Overall, resin keycaps are a unique and visually appealing option for mechanical keyboard enthusiasts due to their unique characteristics and the way they are made. They are known for their durability, resistance to wear and tear and resistance to chemicals. They also have light-transmitting properties that can enhance the backlighting of the keyboard. However, they are not completely resistant to heat and can produce a less pronounced sound than PBT or ABS keycaps. They can be a great option for users who prioritize visual appeal and uniqueness over sound quality and heat resistance, and are willing to spend more on their keycaps.

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5.Keycap Customization

5.1 DIY keycap making

DIY keycap making is a fun and rewarding hobby that allows you to create custom keycaps for your keyboard. Whether you want to create a unique look for your keyboard, or you want to replace worn out keycaps, making your own keycaps is a great way to do it. In this article, we will explore the process of making your own keycaps, from the materials and tools you will need, to the actual steps involved in creating your custom keycaps.

The first step in making your own keycaps is to gather the materials and tools you will need. You will need a blank keycap, which is a keycap without any lettering or symbols on it. You can find these on sites such as Amazon or Etsy. You will also need a material to print or paint your design on, such as vinyl or acrylic paint. Other materials you may need include a brush or roller for applying the paint, masking tape for creating stencils, and a heat gun or oven for curing the paint.

Once you have your materials and tools, you can start creating your design. You can either create a design from scratch using software like Adobe Illustrator or Photoshop, or you can use a pre-existing design and print it out onto your material. When creating your design, make sure to keep in mind that the keycap is a small surface, so your design should be simple and easy to read.

Once your design is complete, you can cut it out and apply it to your blank keycap. You can use masking tape to create stencils for your design, or you can freehand paint the design directly onto the keycap. Make sure to apply a thin, even layer of paint or vinyl, and be sure to cover the entire surface of the keycap.

After you have applied your design to the keycap, you will need to cure it. This can be done by using a heat gun or by baking the keycap in an oven. Curing the design will ensure that the paint or vinyl is fully adhered to the keycap and that it will not peel or chip off.

Finally, you can install your custom keycap on your keyboard. You can either install it as a replacement for a worn out keycap, or you can install it as a custom keycap on a key that you use frequently.

Overall, DIY keycap making is a fun and rewarding hobby that allows you to create custom keycaps for your keyboard. By gathering the right materials and tools, creating a design, applying it to your blank keycap, curing it, and installing it on your keyboard, you can have a unique and customized keyboard that you will be proud to use. Whether you're into gaming, programming or just typing in general, you can make your keyboard truly your own. Happy crafting!

5.2 Custom keycap sets and manufacturers

Custom keycap sets and manufacturers are a growing trend in the world of mechanical keyboards. These keycap sets are designed to replace the standard keycaps that come with your keyboard, and are made from a variety of materials such as plastic, metal, and even wood. They can also come in a wide range of colors, patterns, and designs, making it easy to find a set that matches your personal style.

One of the main reasons people are choosing to purchase custom keycap sets is because it allows them to personalize their keyboard and make it truly their own. Custom keycaps can also be a great way to add a touch of personality to a work or gaming setup, making it a great way to express oneself.

When it comes to purchasing a custom keycap set, there are a few different options available. Some people choose to purchase individual keycaps, so they can mix and match different sets to create a unique look. Others choose to purchase a full set, which includes keycaps for all of the keys on the keyboard.

Speaking of manufacturers, there are many different companies that produce custom keycap sets. Some of the most popular manufacturers include GMK, Signature Plastics, JTK, and ePBT. These companies are known for producing high-quality keycaps that are durable and long-lasting.

One of the most popular and well-known custom keycap manufacturers is GMK, which is based in Germany. GMK is known for producing keycaps that are made from high-quality materials such as ABS plastic and doubleshot ABS. They are also known for their unique and colorful designs that are sure to stand out.

Another popular manufacturer is Signature Plastics, which is based in the United States. Signature Plastics is known for producing keycaps that are made from high-quality materials such as PBT plastic and doubleshot PBT. They also have a wide range of colors and designs to choose from.

JTK, based in China, is another well-known custom keycap manufacturer that is known for producing high-quality keycaps that are made from PBT plastic. They are also known for their unique and colorful designs that are sure to stand out.

Finally, ePBT, based in China, is another popular manufacturer of custom keycaps. They are known for producing keycaps that are made from high-quality materials such as PBT plastic and doubleshot PBT. They also have a wide range of colors and designs to choose from.

Overall, custom keycap sets and manufacturers are a growing trend in the world of mechanical keyboards. They allow users to personalize their keyboard and make it truly their own. With many different manufacturers and options to choose from, it is easy to find a set that matches your personal style and preferences. Whether you're looking for a unique design, high-quality materials, or simply something to brighten up your setup, custom keycaps are a great option to consider.

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6.Conclusion

Keycaps are the plastic or rubber covers that sit on top of the mechanical switches on a keyboard. They not only protect the switches but also play a crucial role in determining the overall look and feel of the keyboard. There are many different types of keycaps available, each with their own unique design and material. Keycaps can greatly impact the look and feel of a keyboard, and there are many options to choose from. Whether you prefer the durability of ABS keycaps, the high-quality of PBT keycaps, or the unique look of wood or metal keycaps, there is a keycap that will suit your needs and preferences. So, take your time and find the perfect keycaps for your keyboard to make it more comfortable and personalized.

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7.Additional resources and links for further reading and purchase keycaps

  1. https://www.keycapdesigner.com/
  2. https://www.keyclack.com/
  3. https://www.pimpmykeyboard.com/
  4. https://www.wasdkeyboards.com/keycap-set-builder
  5. https://www.kbdfans.cn/collections/keycaps
  6. https://www.mechkeys.ca/collections/keycaps
  7. https://www.keycapsdirect.com/
  8. https://www.zfrontier.com/collections/keycaps
  9. https://novelkeys.xyz/collections/keycaps

These are some popular websites that offer custom keycaps, but there are many more out there. It's best to research and compare different options to find the one that best suits your needs.